ITB syndrome
What is ITB syndrome?
ITB syndrome (ITBS) is inflammation of the iliotibial band (ITB), the strong band of thick tissue that runs down the outside of the thigh.
Symptoms of ITB syndrome
The syndrome is characterised by pain on the outside of the knee. In runners the pain on the side of the knee may be felt initially only when running, but then may progress to be present between runs and when walking around. Pain is commonly felt when running downhill or when climbing stairs.
Causes
ITBS is caused by excessive friction of the ITB against the outer bony portion of the femur (thighbone) at the knee. ITBS is is a fairly common problem among runners. Cyclists can also suffer from ITBS although the mechanics are slightly different in cyclists. Some athletes are more likely to develop ITBS than others. Factors that predispose a person are having a tight ITB, high weekly mileage (of running), walking or running around a track (versus running in a straight line), and weakness of the hip abductors (the muscles that move the thighs away from the body at the hip).
Treatment for ITB syndrome
Initial treatment may consist of ice and anti-inflammatory medicines to reduce inflammation. Activities must be modified to avoid repeated flexion and extension of the knee, such as caused by running or cycling. Massage, stretching and strengthening exercises (especially of the gluteus medius muscle) are very important parts of a treatment program. In severe cases steroid injections or surgery may be contemplated.
Last Reviewed: 14 August 2009
