Toenail fungal infections (onychomycosis)
Toenails have never been regarded as the most attractive part of our bodies, but sometimes they become particularly unsightly. This is often due to the nail being infected by a fungus, a condition called onychomycosis.
A number of different fungi can infect the nail. They usually spread from the surrounding skin. Because feet tend to get hot and sweaty they are the perfect breeding ground for fungi. Tinea (athlete's foot) is the most common of these.
When a nail is infected by a fungus it often becomes thickened and ‘crumbly’. There may be discolouration, usually of a dark appearance.
The diagnosis of onychomycosis is usually made by special pathology tests on samples (clippings) of the affected nail. Treatment may consist of tablets or painting the nail with a special substance rather like applying nail varnish. Treatment may be needed for several months.
Fungal infections spread quite easily, especially in places such as sports changing rooms, and where footwear is shared (e.g. bowling alleys and skating rinks). Keeping the feet clean and dry, wearing cotton socks and avoiding sharing towels and footwear will reduce the risks.
Last Reviewed: 21 May 2002
