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Acne
What is acne?
Acne is a skin condition that causes pimples on the face, neck, centre of chest, upper back and shoulders. The signs of acne are blocked pores caused by increased keratin and sebaceous gland secretions. These are seen as blackheads (open comedones) or whiteheads (closed comedones). If they are inflamed they are seen as papules (red bumps) or pustules (red bumps with pus).
What causes acne?
The underlying cause of acne is increased production of androgen hormones and increased sensitivity of androgen receptors. Acne-like eruptions may be caused by some medicines. The most common age group affected by acne is the 14 to 19 age group, although people in their 20s and 30s may also have acne, and it can reappear at menopause.
Acne misconceptions
The following statements should clarify some of the common misconceptions about acne.- Acne does not mean you are dirty or unhygienic.
- There is no need to wash your face frequently. Normal twice daily washing, with a soap substitute (not an antiseptic) is sufficient.
- Food does not usually influence acne.
Helpful tips to reduce the severity of acne
You can help reduce the severity of acne by:- using water-based cosmetics and a gentle make-up remover; and
- not squeezing pimples, as this may cause scarring.
When should you seek advice about acne?
See your doctor or pharmacist if any of the following apply.- A young child (less than 12 years old) or an elderly person is affected.
- There is a rash of fine, red, crusted papules (red bumps) around the nose.
- The acne appears ‘cystic’, with large red bumps, which may or may not have pus in them. These are larger and more inflamed than the normal small ‘pimple’, and can result in scarring if not treated properly.
Last Reviewed: 06 June 2002
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