Osteoporosis: what is it?
Osteoporosis is a disease in which the bones have become more porous and therefore more fragile and prone to breaking. There is no cure, but in many cases it can be prevented or contained.
Bone is a living substance in which the tissue is constantly breaking down and being regenerated. An essential mineral element in this bone remodelling is calcium because the bones act as the body's calcium reserve or bank. Calcium is deposited or withdrawn daily, according to the body's needs. Bone strength is increased by weight-bearing exercise and measured by bone mineral density.
Bone mass
Maximum or peak bone mass is achieved by the mid 20s. After the mid 30s, bones start to lose more calcium than is deposited and gradually lose strength. With increasing age, more bone is lost than is replaced so the outer shell gradually becomes weaker and the inner material develops larger holes. Eventually, a danger level is reached and the risk of fracture increases.
Therefore, maximising peak bone mass development during childhood and adolescence means greater protection against fractures in later life.
Throughout life we can take action to minimise some risk factors for osteoporosis and fractures. Other risk factors may require medical management and are best discussed with your local doctor.
Last Reviewed: 14 November 2001
