Autism: what can be done?
The possibility of developmental delay may be raised by the child's family, health professionals, child care worker or teacher. If only some of the behaviours associated with autism are present, an assessment to confirm or eliminate the possibility of autism spectrum disorder should be sought.
Assessment
A detailed, multidisciplinary assessment will ensure a proper diagnosis. Most affected children will show signs of the disorder by the age of 2, but a firm diagnosis may not be possible until 3 or older.
Autism spectrum disorder can coexist with other disorders such as intellectual disability and it is possible that a diagnosis may be missed. It is also possible for people to reach their teens or adulthood before the presence of an autism spectrum disorder is finally identified.
Treatment
There is no one therapy or approach to the treatment of autistic disorders. The needs of each person vary greatly. It is generally accepted that intensive, specialised, educationally based programmes are desirable for children with autism. Most able children benefit greatly from being with their peers at a local pre-school or school, but they will still require additional assistance.
Therapy or training approaches must address the child's communication, social and cognitive skill development in a structured, systematic fashion.
Early intervention
Early intervention is highly desirable and home-based programmes and centre-based early intervention programmes are available to the young child with an autistic disorder. However, parents will find that government funding at this important time is far from adequate. Most school-aged children will be eligible for a specialist school or a mainstream school with additional support.
Children with an autism spectrum disorder are usually quite healthy, but it is recommended that the child see a specialist medical practitioner every year or so. Medication may sometimes be prescribed to help manage the severe behaviours, seizure activity and anxiety disorders which some people with an autism spectrum disorder experience.
Parental and family support
Autism spectrum disorders impact on the whole family. Parents will need a lot of support as they are facing a substantial challenge, and are their child's best teacher and advocate. Over the years, parents will continue to need information, training, the support of a range of professionals, respite care and the mutual support provided by other families. The siblings of children with an autistic disorder have an important support role, but their own needs must not be ignored.
Last Reviewed: 17 June 2007
